做质谱的高手帮忙翻译一下

aaxiangshe 2008-10-25 00:03:10 572 浏览

下面是做气相质谱给出的参数，用的机子是：珀金埃尔默（perkinElmer）Clarus500GC/MS。拜托各位帮忙翻译一下，谢谢Inst()ACQUISITIONPARAMETERSOven:Initialtemp35°Cfor2min，ramp10°... 下面是做气相质谱给出的参数，用的机子是：珀金埃尔默（perkin Elmer）Clarus 500 GC/MS。拜托各位帮忙翻译一下，谢谢 Inst() ACQUISITION PARAMETERS Oven: Initial temp 35°C for 2 min， ramp 10°C/min to 150°C， hold 2.50 min， InjAauto=150°C， Volume=0 µL， Split=35:1， Carrier Gas=He， Solvent Delay=0.10 min， Transfer Temp=280°C， Source Temp=260°C， Scan: 5 to 300Da， Column 30.0m x 250µm 展开

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朝夕吓煌稳 2008-10-26 00:00:00

微波炉：初始温度35 ℃为2分钟，升温速率10 ℃ /分钟至150 ° C ，保持2.50分钟，注射分析物质的温度为150 ℃ ，体积= 0 μL ，分离比 35:1 ，载波燃气为He，溶剂延时= 0.10分钟，转移温度= 280 ℃ ，源温度= 260 ℃ ，扫描： 5 300Da ，色谱柱为30.0mx 250微米

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美玲小姐wang 2008-10-30 00:00:00

数据采集参数柱温箱：初始温度：35°C，保留2min，以10°C/min 速度升温至150°C/min ，保留2.5min。进样口温度150°C/min ，进样量0uL（老大，你写错了吧），分流比：35：1，载气：He。溶剂延迟0.1min，转换温度：280°C/min ，离子源温度260°C/min ，扫面范围：5-300道尔顿，柱子：长度30m，内径：0.25mm

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fd64g5sdf2h 2008-10-26 00:00:00

学院（）采集参数微波炉：初始温度35 ℃为2分钟，匝道10 ℃ /分钟至150 ° C ，持有2.50分钟， InjAauto = 150 ℃ ，体积= 0 μL ，斯普利特= 35:1 ，载波燃气=他，溶剂延时= 0.10分钟，转移温度= 280 ℃ ，源温度= 260 ℃ ，扫描： 5 300Da ，列30.0mx 250微米

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丿灬东赫银尘丶 2008-11-07 00:00:00

楼上答得很好了，稍微补充一点点 1 转换温度：280°C/min ，正确的说法应该是传输线温度或者叫接口温度 2 扫描方式：SCAN模式，扫描范围：5-300道尔顿此外有几个疑点： 1 溶剂延迟只有0.1分钟？这样设定有很大问题，溶剂峰因为浓度太高，对灯丝的影响很大，一般编制方法的时候都会避开溶剂峰的，不然很容易烧断灯丝 2 扫描范围，从5开始太低，有太多没用的碎片，一般都是至少从50左右才开始的，而从你的程序来看应该是定向分析，其目标离子从文献很容易就能查到的，根据那几个定性离子来设定扫描范围吧！ 3 扫描范围的单位用da不妥吧？道尔顿Da是用来衡量原子或分子质量的单位，而在质谱中使用的应该是质荷比m/z 4 离子源温度，一般仪器预设的温度大都在200度，真正使用中很少会改变这个温度，我们实际检测中只有少数几个项目需要用到230度，而老化的时候也只加到250度，你们进样温度和Z高柱温都只有150度，离子源完全没有必要用到260度

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做质谱的高手帮忙翻译一下: 下面是做气相质谱给出的参数，用的机子是：珀金埃尔默（perkinElmer）Clarus500GC/MS。拜托各位帮忙翻译一下，谢谢Inst()ACQUISITIONPARAMETERSOven:Initialtemp35°Cfor2min，ramp10°... 下面是做气相质谱给出的参数，用的机子是：珀金埃尔默（perkin Elmer）Clarus 500 GC/MS。拜托各位帮忙翻译一下，谢谢 Inst() ACQUISITION PARAMETERS Oven: Initial temp 35°C for 2 min， ramp 10°C/min to 150°C， hold 2.50 min， InjAauto=150°C， Volume=0 µL， Split=35:1， Carrier Gas=He， Solvent Delay=0.10 min， Transfer Temp=280°C， Source Temp=260°C， Scan: 5 to 300Da， Column 30.0m x 250µm 展开

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请高手帮忙翻译一下 3: 2.2.1. Physical and physicochemical characterization The particle size distribution of the Ch-zeolite was determined using a laser diffraction equipment (CILASk 1064) and standard wet sieving (Mesh Tylerk series). Scanning electron mic... 2.2.1. Physical and physicochemical characterization The particle size distribution of the Ch-zeolite was determined using a laser diffraction equipment (CILASk 1064) and standard wet sieving (Mesh Tylerk series). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-PHILIPSk XL20) was used for photomicrographs as well as to analyse the Ch-zeolite composition (Energy Dispersion X-ray， EDX). The sample was initially placed in a vacuum chamber for coating with a thin layer (few nanometers) of gold (Au). The specific surface area of the material was measured by the methylene blue technique and by nitrogen gas adsorption methods， with the latter also providing information about particle porosity. In the methylene blue adsorption method， aqueous solutions (50 ml) of methylene blue (100 mg l 1) were agitated using an orbital shaker (Marconik) for an hour at room temperature in the presence of different quantities of the Ch-zeolite (0.05–0.3 g). The suspensions were then allowed to settle for 23 h and the resulting supernatants were centrifuged at 5000 rpm before the analysis of the residual methylene blue concentration. Results obtained correspond to averaged values of three different experiments. The specific surface area was evaluated by the Langmuir model， assuming the formation， at high concentrations， of a dye monolayer and 1.08 nm2 molecule 1， for the cross-sectional area (Van den Hul and Lyklema， 1968). The Ch-zeolite specific surface area was evaluated by the nitrogen gas adsorption method， using automated equipment (Autosorb 1-Quantachrome Instrumentsk)， employing multipoint BET isotherm adsorption data fitting. Also from these data， the porosity of the material was evaluated through parameters such as volume of total pores (d < 206 nm)， surface area and volume of micropores (d < 2 nm; Micropore Analysis Method). Zeta potential measurements for the natural and ammonia loaded zeolite， as a function of medium pH， were determined using a Zeta Plusk equipment (Brookhaven Instruments). Suspensions (0.01% v/v) of the Ch-zeolite， previously sieved below 37 Am (400 Mesh Tylerk)， in a 10 3 mol l 1 solution of KNO3 were used and the medium pH was controlled with the addition of HNO3 (pH< 7) and KOH (pH>7)， separately. For the Ch-zeolite saturated with ammonia， suspensions of the material were prepared by the same procedure， except that the sample was loaded with 100 mg NH3–N l 1 of ammonia. 展开

过于质谱的，请帮忙翻译。: Molecularionsatm/z=494.3，496.3，518.3，520.3，522.3，and524.3，indicativeofLPCcontainingC16:1，C16:0，C18:3，C18:2，C18:1，andC18:0fattyacidsatsn-1position，weredetectedC16:1具体指的... Molecular ions at m/z = 494.3， 496.3，518.3， 520.3， 522.3， and 524.3， indicative of LPC containing C16:1， C16:0， C18:3， C18:2， C18:1， and C18:0 fatty acids at sn-1 position， were detected C16:1具体指的是什么呀？是16C，含一个双键吗？？还有sn指的是什么位置呀？展开

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高手帮忙翻译一下，急用，万分感谢！！！: 农业食品 • 服装饰件 • 工艺品 • 汽摩及配件 • 箱包和礼盒 • 化工 • 计算机产品 • 建筑和装饰材料 • 消费电子 • 电气电子 • 家具摆设 • 医药卫生 • 轻工日... 农业食品 • 服装饰件 • 工艺品 • 汽摩及配件 • 箱包和礼盒 • 化工 • 计算机产品 • 建筑和装饰材料 • 消费电子 • 电气电子 • 家具摆设 • 医药卫生 • 轻工日用品 • 照明 • 机械 • 冶金矿产和能源 • 办教 • 安全和防护 • 运动健身和休闲娱乐 • 纺织 • 五金工具 • 玩具 • 交通运输一、 • 床上用品 • 地毯(798) • 化学纤维和织物(875) • 色卡和比色计(98) • 复合面料(170) • 原棉和棉织物(513) • 窗帘(551) • 装饰布(132) • 流苏和穗(36) • 抽纱刺绣(235) • 羽毛和羽绒(35) • 功能性纺织面料(400) • 动物毛皮(92) • 反光面料(64) • 坯布(347) • 工业用纺织品(379) • 针织和钩编织物(616) • 标牌 • 花边蕾丝(309) • 皮革和人造革(467) • 麻类织物(156) • 鞋帽材料(96) • 其它纺织制品(128) • 色织、扎染和印花布(676) • 货物包装用袋(154) • 缝纫线和线带(215) • 生丝和丝织物(165) • 桌布(152) • 库存纺织品(40) • 纺织废料(10) • 毛巾、浴巾和手帕(723) • 绳索和网(265) • 羊毛和动物毛织物(337) • 纱线(635) 二、 • 肥料(241) • 畜产和动物副产品(232) • 水产品及制品(509) • 豆类和制成品(232) • 饮料(302) • 罐头食品(282) • 粮食(193) • 佐料调味品(396) • 乳制品(154) • 经济作物和植物(104) • 食用菌和藻类(297) • 蛋类及制品(79) • 动植物油脂(177) • 化肥 • 谷物制品(208) • 花草树木(334) • 饲料和饲料添加剂(857) • 食品添加剂(786) • 冷冻和速冻食品(244) • 水果瓜类(347) • 保健食品 • 蜂产品(200) • 婴儿食品(25) • 方便食品(132) • 肉类及制品(212) • 土特产(316) • 新型食品(55) • 坚果子仁(303) • 其它农业食品(42) • 畜禽及养殖动物(329) • 动植物提取物(808) • 植物种籽(85) • 休闲食品(243) • 糖和糖制食品(285) • 茶和茶叶(781) • 蔬菜及制品(862) o 卷心菜、椰菜(34) o 胡萝卜、萝卜(77) o 辣椒(81) o 大蒜(203) o 生姜(70) o 洋葱(60) o 其它蔬菜(302) o 马铃薯(28) o 番茄(7) 展开

高手帮忙翻译！！+100: 虚拟仪器是一种新的测试与测控技术，近年来得到了迅速发展，基于虚拟仪器的机器视觉系统就是其领域的一个重要分支。本文围绕基于虚拟仪器的机器视觉有关理论和其在玻璃瓶口缺陷检测中... 虚拟仪器是一种新的测试与测控技术，近年来得到了迅速发展，基于虚拟仪器的机器视觉系统就是其领域的一个重要分支。本文围绕基于虚拟仪器的机器视觉有关理论和其在玻璃瓶口缺陷检测中的具体应用进行了研究。针对玻璃瓶这一对象检测的高精度、高准确度、实时性的特点，本文提出了一种基于LabVIEW的数字图像处理检测方案，并在设计过程中解决了一系列关键问题：利用硬件和软件的编程实现了对玻璃瓶口的缺陷监测；使用阈值进行图像的二值化处理，并进行开启、闭合以增强图像质量；使用Vision Builder AI对有故障的图像进行故障特征识别；通过理论研究与实验，证明了本文所提出的玻璃瓶口缺陷监测方法是有效和可行的，为其机器视觉检测的进一步研究和开发奠定了很好的基础请用专业术语，不要用在线翻译。谢谢····好可以多加分展开

帮忙翻译一下，谢谢: IFRS13willhelpincreasetransparencywhenentitiesusemodelstomeasurefairvalue，particularlywhenusersneedmoreinformationaboutmeasurementuncertainty，suchaswhenthemarketforanasse... IFRS 13 will help increase transparency when entities use models to measure fair value， particularly when users need more information about measurement uncertainty， such as when the market for an asset or a liability has become less active. IFRS 13 requires entities to disclose information about the valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value， as well as information about the uncertainty inherent in fair value measurements (which was of particular concern during the global fi nancial crisis). Some of those disclosures， including the fair value hierarchy， were already introduced in March 2009 through an amendment to IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures. Those disclosures have been relocated to IFRS 13. The requirements in IFRS 13 also incorporate the guidance in a FASB Staff Position (FSP) issued in April 2009. 展开

关于美国标准量杯的问题，麻烦高手帮忙翻译一下。: 这个图是一个喂量表，我没看懂下面的说明，一杯8盎司的量杯等于3.3盎司，是啥意思？是图表中所说的一杯等于3.3盎司的重量，也就是93克？如果不是，那里面的一杯，指的是多少克？

帮忙翻译一下，万分感谢: 说明一下860DSP是一个信号测量仪器的型号 Here is a good explanation of how the 860 in spectrum mode uses the different settings like dwell wide， narrow， and averaging to look at the spectrum data differently. 860 DSPI Spectrum Analyzer Set... 说明一下860DSP是一个信号测量仪器的型号 Here is a good explanation of how the 860 in spectrum mode uses the different settings like dwell wide， narrow， and averaging to look at the spectrum data differently. 860 DSPI Spectrum Analyzer Settings Explanation In the 860 DSPI there are 3 different and unique spectrum analyzer “Detectors”. These detectors may alter the view of a signals appearance， depending on which is selected. Each detector can show a different picture on the same signal because of the way the detector functions. An important selection to our spectrum analyzer is the amount of digital snap shots to be taken. This will be the amount of digital snapshots that is taken in the allocated bandwidth before showing a picture. With this said， the more sampling that is put into the spectrum analyzer the slower it will seem to update， but more opportunity to capture ingress and other interference that can happen inside a cable plant. Dwell Wide- Dwell Wide takes the largest snapshot out of the amount taken， then the 7.5 MHz spectrum is peak held as the 860 DSPI tunes across the selected frequencies in 250 kHz steps. Example: In Dwell Wide， with a 32 sampling rate set， this in turn means the 860 will dwell or sit on a portion of the spectrum defined above， take 32 snap shots， and then display the picture with the max amplitude before moving on to the next portion of bandwidth. Dwell Narrow- Dwell Narrow takes the largest snapshot out of the amount taken， then a 250 kHz spectrum slice is peak held as the 860 DSPI tunes across the selected frequencies in 250 kHz steps. The difference between Dwell Narrow and Dwell Wide is that Dwell Narrow only peak holds across a 250 kHz slice， where as Dwell wide peak holds the entire 7.5 MHz. Example: In Dwell Narrow， with a 32 sampling rate set， this in turn means the 860 will go to the first 7.5 MHz of the spectrum it will look at a 250 kHz slice of the 7.5 MHz and take its 32 samples. These 32 samples will be done in a peak hold fashion， then display the sample that contains the largest signal. Averaging: This detector when selected looks at a 7.5 MHz portion of the spectrum. When it tunes to the first 7.5 MHz portion of the spectrum， it takes into account how much sampling is selected， then takes it’s digital snapshots on the entire 7.5 MHz， averages those pictures together， then shows the final averaged picture. This detector is used for looking at large amounts of bandwidth. Example: In Averaging， with a 32 sampling rate set， this in turn means the 860 will go to the first 7.5 MHz of the spectrum， take it’s 32 digital snap shots， average those together， and show the average of the 32 snapshots. 展开

请帮忙翻译一下，拜托: A new kind of TiO2 nanotube array/Ni(OH)2 (TiO2/Ni(OH)2) composite electrode with the storage ability of light energy was prepared by the deposition of Ni(OH)2 on the TiO2 nanotube array， which was synthesized by anodizing Ti foils in an HF... A new kind of TiO2 nanotube array/Ni(OH)2 (TiO2/Ni(OH)2) composite electrode with the storage ability of light energy was prepared by the deposition of Ni(OH)2 on the TiO2 nanotube array， which was synthesized by anodizing Ti foils in an HF aqueous solution. SEM and XRD results showed that Ni(OH)2 particles were well distributed on high density， well-ordered and uniform TiO2 nanotube arrays. The photoelectrochemical properties of the TiO2/Ni(OH)2 electrode were investigated in NaHCO3/NaOH buffer solution (pH 10) by means of UV–vis absorption spectra， cyclic voltammogram (CV) and photocurrent measurements. It was found that the TiO2/Ni(OH)2 electrode was highly sensitive to light and exhibited excellent photoelectrochromic properties. Upon UV irradiation， the photogenerated holes by TiO2 nanotube arrays can oxidize Ni(OH)2 to NiOOH， and thus the TiO2/Ni(OH)2 electrode can be photo-charged by light。1. Introduction Among many visible light photocatalysts， TiO2nanostructures have attracted much attention due to high photocatalytic activ-ity， nontoxicity， chemical stability and huge potential applications [1–6]. The TiO2 nanotube array is one of most attention-getting TiO2nanostructures because of large surface area and outstanding charge transport properties. TiO2nanotube arrays can be utilized in dye-sensitized solar cells[7–9]， photocatalysis and hydrogen gas sensing [10]. So far， a variety of methods have been attempted to prepare TiO2 nanotube arrays， such as hydrothermal synthe-sis[11]， Langmuir–Blodgett technique [12]， solution casting [13] and anodization technique[10，14]， etc. Among these methods， the anodization technique has many advantages of low cost， low tem-perature and easy to be scaled up to large-area preparation. Recently， anewkindof photo-functional systemwith theenergy storage ability has been developed by coupling TiO2 photosen-sitive electrode with energy storage materials. In Takahashi and Tatsuma’swork[15]，aTiO2/Ni(OH)2bilayer thinfilmwas suggested for the oxidative energy storage. In this case， a redox-activep-type semiconductor Ni(OH)2is coupled withn-type TiO2photocatalyst to formap–njunction，WhenTiO2is illuminatedby light， holesgen-erated at the junction are separated from excited electrons， trans-ported into the bulk of Ni(OH)2and oxidized Ni(OH)2to NiOOH. Therefore， the oxidative energy storage system was constructed 展开

请高手帮忙翻译~在线等！: 由于为系列产品，在性质上有类似处，在某些行业可以相互替代。乙烯胺主要用于表面活性剂，环氧树脂固化剂，农药原料，医药原料，洗涤助剂，聚酰胺树脂，造纸助剂，润滑油添加剂，水处理剂原料，染料固色剂，粘合剂原料等方面。我国乙二胺主要用于生产农药（... 由于为系列产品，在性质上有类似处，在某些行业可以相互替代。乙烯胺主要用于表面活性剂，环氧树脂固化剂，农药原料，医药原料，洗涤助剂，聚酰胺树脂，造纸助剂，润滑油添加剂，水处理剂原料，染料固色剂，粘合剂原料等方面。我国乙二胺主要用于生产农药（森锰锌、代森锌、代森胺及杀虫剂、除草剂、杀菌剂），表面活性剂（生成双硬脂酸酰胺，烷基咪唑啉、双酰胺，与环氧乙烷，环氧丙烷合成非离子表面活性剂），环氧树脂固化剂（聚酰胺树脂，环氧固化剂，羟乙基乙二胺等），洗涤助剂（乙二胺四乙酸及其钠盐系列螯合剂），医药原料（氨茶碱，洗必泰，鼻眼净，灭虫灵等），水处理剂（乙二胺四甲叉膦酸盐，乙脒基乙叉二膦酸），缓蚀剂（环脒聚合物）染料固色剂，照相材料定影液及润滑油添加剂等。其中农药，螯合剂，表面活性剂及环氧固化剂占用量的70%以上。 2000年全年乙二胺用量为11140吨，预计今年将达到14000吨。二乙烯三胺主要和环氧氯丙烷以及己二酸配套生产湿强剂——一种造纸助剂，主要作用是提高潮湿纸张的强度，以利于加工或使用；其他方面的用途软片（烷基咪唑啉，柔软剂），环氧固化剂，缓蚀剂、印染助剂，水处理剂（二乙烯三胺五甲叉膦酸），农药菌毒清等。三乙烯四胺主要用于用途有两方面，环氧固化剂（包括聚酰胺树脂）和无灰分散剂，其他方面用途包括沥青乳化剂，水处理，缓蚀剂，表面活性剂等。四乙烯五胺主要用于生产无灰分散剂，其他方面用途包括沥青乳化剂，破乳剂，环氧固化剂，离子交换树脂，助滤剂等。展开

请各位高手帮忙翻译一下专有名词: 针规，推拉力计不胜感激:

翻译翻译，请高手帮我翻译一下这个说明: Followthesysteminstallationinstructionscarefullyandinthespecifiedorder.ThesoftwaremustbeinstalledonthecomputerbeforeconnectingtheUSBcable.2.1FacilitiesRequirementsFacilit... Follow the system installation instructions carefully and in the specified order. The software must be installed on the computer before connecting the USB cable. 2.1 Facilities Requirements Facilities requirements for the alpha-SE system are listed in Table 2-1 and the system dimensions are given in Fig. 2-1. As shown in Fig. 2-2， the alpha-SE tool requires a clear work area of 20 by 18 inches (500 by 460 mm)， excluding the operator computer. 2.2 Unpacking the Hardware Opening the Shipping Container Move the alpha-SE shipping container to the area where the tool will be installed. Open the container and remove the top and side pieces of packing foam. Carefully remove all smaller components from the shipping container， verifying that you received all components， as shown in Fig. 2-3. Finally， remove the alpha-SE ellipsometer and position it on your clear 20” by 18” (510 by 460 mm) workspace. Caution: The alpha-SE ellipsometer without sample chuck weighs approximately 37 lbs. (16 kg.). Please find an assistant to lift the alpha-SE unit out of the shipping carton and on to clear work surface. 展开

请专家帮忙翻译一下，谢谢！: 粒度检测方法与优缺点比较粉末粒度分布的测量方法经过百余年的发展，据统计至少已经发展了上百种，但随着科技的发展，有些方法被逐步淘汰，有些方法得到了改进和发展（如激光散射法、动态光散射等），并在生产、科研中得到了广泛的应用，现在普遍使用的测量... 粒度检测方法与优缺点比较粉末粒度分布的测量方法经过百余年的发展，据统计至少已经发展了上百种，但随着科技的发展，有些方法被逐步淘汰，有些方法得到了改进和发展（如激光散射法、动态光散射等），并在生产、科研中得到了广泛的应用，现在普遍使用的测量方法有筛分法、显微图像法、光透沉降法、激光散射（衍射）法等几种，下面简单介绍几种常用的粒度测量方法。 ▲ 筛分法是一种具有很长历史的粒度测定方法，筛分法粒度测量是利用一组筛孔大小不同的标准筛将粉末进行筛分，然后对每个筛上样品分别进行称重，进而得到以质量为量纲的粒度分布数据，并可由分布结果计算出如Dv50等其它参数。筛分滶要特点是测量成本低廉，操作简单，但存在着如重复性差，测量时间较长，不能对5um以下的颗粒进行测量等缺点。 ▲显微图像分析法利用光学或电子显微镜及计算机图像识别技术对颗粒粒度及粒度分布，颗粒形貌进行测量，分析的方法。这种方法不仅能够测量粒度分布而且能够直接观察到颗粒的形状，是目前唯yi的一种可目视的直观测试方法，这种特点也是其它粒度测量仪器所不具备。这种方法的优点是直观、简便、费用低，缺点是由于取样量很少，为使测量结果代表性，必须增加待测颗粒的个数（一般认为测量颗粒的个数应在1000个以上），这就相应啬了测量时间，及测试人员的工作强度，但由于能够对颗粒形貌（如长径比等）进行测量，目前也有广泛应用。 ▲光透沉降法沉降法粒度测试的理论基础是斯托克司定律和比尔定律。前者给出颗粒沉降速度与粒径的关系，后者阐明光透过率与粒径重量的关系。可简单的描述为：在沉降液中，有若干相同比重的颗粒，如果同一时刻，从同一位置开始下降，则不同直径的颗粒到达测量区的时间是不同的，根据颗粒到达测量区的时间，及光强的强弱，就可以计算出颗粒的粒径，及相应粒径的颗粒在颗粒群中占有的比例。采用此种原理的测量仪器有比较长的使用历史，但随着科技的发展和测量手段的进步，此方法的缺点也日益突出，如测量时间长，重复性误差大等。 ▲ 激光散射法颗粒测量仪器是以富朗和菲衍射（Fraunhofer diffraction）和米氏散射（Mie scattering）为理论基础。此理论可以简单理解为沿直线传播的平行激光束，在传播过程中遇到颗粒的遮挡后，传播方向发生了改变（即发生了衍射和散射现象），并且大颗粒使激光改变的角度小，小颗粒改变大。（实际上是由于颗粒的遮挡在无限远处形成了一个爱里斑，爱里斑87%的能量集中在ZX亮环，且颗粒直径越大，ZX环越小，颗粒直径越小ZX亮环越大）。如果能在不同角度上接收光能，对于相应的的角度，其光能是对应直径的颗粒集合发生衍射（散射）造成的，相应其他角度上光能的强弱也就反应了对应直径颗粒在整个颗粒集合中占有的比例。 ▲ 采用激光粒度测量仪器相对于光透沉降粒度测量仪器具有很多优点： 1. 原理先进，并且由于测试过程中没有需要预先设定的参数（如样品比重、介质黏度、环境温度等），及在测量过程中随时改变的条件，因此测量结果准确、可靠。 2. 测量速度快，测试时间与样品粒度分布无关，典型测试过程一般小于一分钟； 3. 每次测试，多次对样品进行扫描，测试结果重复性好； 4. 进样方式种类多，可适用于各种类样品。展开

跪求（急求）帮忙翻译一下: 无机前处理室主要开展食品样品中无机检测进仪器前的预处理工作。通过向食品样品中加入强氧化性酸，采用微波消解技术或电热板加热技术使被测无机组分从复杂的样品中分离出来，除去对分... 无机前处理室主要开展食品样品中无机检测进仪器前的预处理工作。通过向食品样品中加入强氧化性酸，采用微波消解技术或电热板加热技术使被测无机组分从复杂的样品中分离出来，除去对分析测定有干扰的基本物质，制成便于测定的溶液形式。样品的预处理过程都是在无机前处理室进行的。主要仪器：ETHOS A微波消解仪、SD500电热板、Mill-Q Advandage A10超纯水仪等。光谱室主要开展食品、饮用水等样品中重金属元素含量检测工作，各类仪器针对不同的物质进行检测有其各自的优势。原子吸收光谱仪耶拿ZEEnie-700系列仪器主要用于铅、镉、铜、铬、锰、锌、铁、钙、镁、钾、钠等项目检测，双道原子荧光光度计吉天AFS-820a系列仪器主要用于砷、汞、锡等项目检测。光谱分析技术已经被广泛应用于食品和水质检测、环境保护、医药卫生等领域。主要仪器：原子吸收光谱仪耶拿ZEEnie-700系列、双道原子荧光光度计AFS-820a系列。承检项目：食品、饮用水中重金属铅、镉、铜、铬、锰、锌、铁、钙、镁、钾、钠、砷、汞、锡等。要英文的谢谢展开

请各位大虾帮忙翻译一下：: Withmorethan6millionnewmeasurementchannelssoldlastyear，NationalInstrumentsisaworldwideleaderinvirtualinstrumentation.Engineershaveusedvirtualinstrumentationformorethan25y... With more than 6 million new measurement channels sold last year， National Instruments is a worldwide leader in virtual instrumentation. Engineers have used virtual instrumentation for more than 25 years to bring the power of flexible software and PC technology to test， control， and design applications making accurate analog and digital measurements from DC to 2.7 GHz. This document provides an excellent introduction to virtual instrumentation as well as additional resources for continued research. What is virtual instrumentation? With virtual instrumentation， software based on user requirements defines general-purpose measurement and control hardware functionality. Virtual instrumentation combines mainstream commercial technologies， such as the PC， with flexible software and a wide variety of measurement and control hardware， so engineers and scientists can create user-defined systems that meet their exact application needs. With virtual instrumentation， engineers and scientists reduce development time， design higher quality products， and lower their design costs. 展开

请高手帮我翻译一下这一段。。。: Carbonnanomaterialsarenovelmanufacturedmaterials，havingwidespreadpotentialapplications.Adsorptionofhydrophobicorganiccompounds(HOCs)bycarbonnanomaterialsmayenhancetheirto... Carbon nanomaterials are novel manufactured materials， having widespread potential applications. Adsorption of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) by carbon nanomaterials may enhance their toxicity and affect the fate， transformation， and transport of HOCs in the environment. In this research， adsorption of naphthalene， phenanthrene， and pyrene onto six carbon nanomaterials， including fullerenes， single-walled carbon nanotubes ， and multiwalled carbon nanotubes was investigated， which is the first systematic study on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) sorption by various carbon nanomaterials. All adsorption isotherms were nonlinear and were fitted well by the Polanyi-Manes model (PMM). Through both isotherm modeling and constructing “characteristic curve”， Polanyi theory was useful to describe the adsorption process of PAHs by the carbon nanomaterials. The three fitted parameters (Q0， a， and b) of PMM depended on both PAH properties and the nature of carbon nanomaterials. For different PAHs， adsorption seems to relate with their molecular size， i.e.， the larger the molecular size， the lower the adsorbed volume capacity (Q0)， but higher a and b values. For different carbon nanomaterials， adsorption seems to relate with their surface area， micropore volume， and the volume ratios of mesopore to micropore. Quantitative relationships between these sorbent properties and the estimated parameters of PMM were obtained. These relationships may represent a first fundamental step toward establishing empirical equations for quantitative prediction of PAH adsorption by carbon nanomaterials and possibly other forms of carbonaceous (geo-) sorbents， and for evaluating their environmental impact. In addition， high adsorption capacity of PAHs by carbon nanotubes may add to their high environmental risks once released to the environment， and result in potential alteration of PAHs fate and bioavailability in the environment. 展开

请高手帮忙翻译化学名词，急需~~~~: 以下的技术指标用语都是关于PVC颗粒的，请知道的帮忙准确地翻译~~~谢谢VICATPOINTHARDNESSTENSILESTRENGTHYIELDPOINTELONGATIONATBREAKFLEXURALMODULUSIMPACTSTRENGTHINFLAMMABILITYA... 以下的技术指标用语都是关于PVC颗粒的，请知道的帮忙准确地翻译~~~谢谢 VICAT POINT HARDNESS TENSILE STRENGTH YIELD POINT ELONGATION AT BREAK FLEXURAL MODULUS IMPACT STRENGTH INFLAMMABILITY AV.A.P. IMPURITY PARTICLE NUMBER VOLATILES（INCL WATER） BULK DENSITY SIEVE RATIO “FISH EYE”NUMBER UNIT/400c㎡ RESIDUAL VCM PPM 展开

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