翻译，不要机器的，急需！（中括号中数字不翻译）好的有加分！！！

最美的小苑姐姐 2009-07-24 09:44:44 506 浏览

毛细管电色谱（capillary electrochromatography，CEC）是在毛细管电泳技术不断发展和GX液相色谱理论日益完善的基础上发展起来的一种具有两者双重分离性能的分离分析方法[64，65]。它在毛细管内填充液相色谱固定相或在管壁键合固定相，在两端施加高电压，以... 毛细管电色谱（capillary electrochromatography，CEC）是在毛细管电泳技术不断发展和GX液相色谱理论日益完善的基础上发展起来的一种具有两者双重分离性能的分离分析方法[64，65]。它在毛细管内填充液相色谱固定相或在管壁键合固定相，在两端施加高电压，以电渗流驱动流动相经过色谱分离柱，溶质根据它们在固定相和流动相之间的分配以及它们电泳淌度的不同而得以分离。CEC以具有塞子流型的电渗流代替了具有抛物线流型的压力流，因而具有毛细管区带电泳(CZE) 的高柱效。CEC 采用液相色谱的固定相和流动相，因而还具有GX液相色谱的高选择性。因此，CEC 自诞生以来就一直是分析化学研究领域的热点课题，并已逐渐进入应用领域[66，67]。 CEC 的核心部件是毛细管电色谱柱。根据固定相存在形式的不同，毛细管电色谱柱被分为开管柱、填充柱和整体柱。运行中的焦耳热效应、塞子界面效应和气泡效应限制了填充毛细管电色谱（packed-column CEC，PCCEC）柱的发展和应用[68，69]。整体柱则存在溶胀、受热变形、机械性能差等不足，并且很难获得孔径分布非常均一的连续床，因此分离小分子化合物时很难得到较高的柱效[2]。开管柱制备和运行过程简单、易于控制，柱效高，且OTCEC 中的电渗流流速比PCCEC 中的大60% [70]，因此更适于快速分析。但是，其Z大的缺点是相比小，柱容量低。因此制备开管柱的关键是增加表面积，提高相比和柱容量。本节中，我们将上节制备的十八烷基改性纳米二氧化硅涂层毛细管柱应用于 OTCEC 领域，希望通过液相沉积的纳米颗粒来增加固定相的相比，提高柱容量。随后，我们研究了该柱的电渗流行为，并对电色谱性能进行了评价。展开

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CF云强菜鸟 2009-07-25 00:00:00

CEC (capillary electrochromatography， CEC) is the continuous development of capillary electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography increasingly sophisticated theories developed on the basis of a double separation performance between the two analytical methods of separation [64，65] . It filled in a capillary liquid chromatography stationary phase or in the wall bonded stationary phase， high-voltage imposed at both ends to electroosmotic flow-driven mobile phase through column chromatography， solute according to their fixed and mobile phase between the phase distribution as well as their different electrophoretic mobility and can be separated. CEC in a plug flow pattern instead of the electroosmotic flow has a parabolic flow pattern of the pressure flow， which has a capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) high column efficiency. CEC liquid chromatography using the stationary phase and mobile phase， which also has a high selectivity of high-performance liquid chromatography. Therefore， CEC has been since its birth in Analytical Chemistry is a hot area of research topics and application areas have gradually [66，67]. CEC is the core component of capillary electrochromatography column. Stationary phases based on the existence of different forms of capillary Power was divided into open tubular column， packed column and monolithic column. In the operation of the Joule heating effect， interface effect plug and fill the bubble effect of limiting the CEC (packed-column CEC， PCCEC) the development and application of column [68，69]. Monolithic column there is swelling， heat deformation， insufficient and poor mechanical properties， and it is difficult to obtain a very uniform pore size distribution for bed， so when the separation of small molecule compounds difficult to obtain higher column efficiency [2]. Preparation of open tubular column and run the process as simple and easy to control， high column efficiency and OTCEC the electroosmotic flow velocity ratio PCCEC large 60% [70] and therefore are more suitable for rapid analysis. However， its biggest drawback is that compared to small， low-capacity columns. Preparation of open tubular column is therefore the key is to increase the surface area， improve the capacity compared to column. This section， we will be prepared in the previous section octadecyl modified nano-silica coated capillary column used OTCEC the field， and hopes that the nano-particle liquid phase deposition to increase compared to the stationary phase to enhance the capacity of column. Subsequently， we looked at the column of the electroosmotic flow behavior， and the performance of electrochromatography is evaluated. 看看行吗？

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翻译，不要机器的，急需！（中括号中数字不翻译）好的有加分！！！: 毛细管电色谱（capillary electrochromatography，CEC）是在毛细管电泳技术不断发展和GX液相色谱理论日益完善的基础上发展起来的一种具有两者双重分离性能的分离分析方法[64，65]。它在毛细管内填充液相色谱固定相或在管壁键合固定相，在两端施加高电压，以... 毛细管电色谱（capillary electrochromatography，CEC）是在毛细管电泳技术不断发展和GX液相色谱理论日益完善的基础上发展起来的一种具有两者双重分离性能的分离分析方法[64，65]。它在毛细管内填充液相色谱固定相或在管壁键合固定相，在两端施加高电压，以电渗流驱动流动相经过色谱分离柱，溶质根据它们在固定相和流动相之间的分配以及它们电泳淌度的不同而得以分离。CEC以具有塞子流型的电渗流代替了具有抛物线流型的压力流，因而具有毛细管区带电泳(CZE) 的高柱效。CEC 采用液相色谱的固定相和流动相，因而还具有GX液相色谱的高选择性。因此，CEC 自诞生以来就一直是分析化学研究领域的热点课题，并已逐渐进入应用领域[66，67]。 CEC 的核心部件是毛细管电色谱柱。根据固定相存在形式的不同，毛细管电色谱柱被分为开管柱、填充柱和整体柱。运行中的焦耳热效应、塞子界面效应和气泡效应限制了填充毛细管电色谱（packed-column CEC，PCCEC）柱的发展和应用[68，69]。整体柱则存在溶胀、受热变形、机械性能差等不足，并且很难获得孔径分布非常均一的连续床，因此分离小分子化合物时很难得到较高的柱效[2]。开管柱制备和运行过程简单、易于控制，柱效高，且OTCEC 中的电渗流流速比PCCEC 中的大60% [70]，因此更适于快速分析。但是，其Z大的缺点是相比小，柱容量低。因此制备开管柱的关键是增加表面积，提高相比和柱容量。本节中，我们将上节制备的十八烷基改性纳米二氧化硅涂层毛细管柱应用于 OTCEC 领域，希望通过液相沉积的纳米颗粒来增加固定相的相比，提高柱容量。随后，我们研究了该柱的电渗流行为，并对电色谱性能进行了评价。展开

求翻译，不要机器翻: All cell lines were grown in RPMI-1640 medium (GIBCO) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated bovine serum， 2 nM L-glutamine， 105 IU/liter penicillin G， 100 mg/liter streptomycin and 10 mM HEPES， pH 7.4. Cells were kept at 37°C in a humidif... All cell lines were grown in RPMI-1640 medium (GIBCO) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated bovine serum， 2 nM L-glutamine， 105 IU/liter penicillin G， 100 mg/liter streptomycin and 10 mM HEPES， pH 7.4. Cells were kept at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator. 展开

电瓶怎末翻译？有专业术语翻译好的网站不？:

各位大神，麻烦帮小弟翻译，急，在线等。。。。论文，不要机器翻译的: 本文采用氧化还原法制备了具有较高增强因子的银溶胶，以该银溶胶为活性基底，研究了L-苯丙氨酸（L-Phe）的表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）。同时分析了L-Phe在银溶胶中的吸附状态及其与银溶胶的相互作用。研究结果表明：（1）L-Phe分子中的羧基、芳环或杂环、氨基和... 本文采用氧化还原法制备了具有较高增强因子的银溶胶，以该银溶胶为活性基底，研究了L-苯丙氨酸（L-Phe）的表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）。同时分析了L-Phe在银溶胶中的吸附状态及其与银溶胶的相互作用。研究结果表明：（1）L-Phe分子中的羧基、芳环或杂环、氨基和银溶胶发生了吸附作用，因而表现出表面增强拉曼效应；（2）与其常规拉曼光谱相比，SERS峰强和峰位均有一定变化；（3）L-Phe浓度为2×10-5~1×10-2mo1/L 范围，其SERS强度呈先增大后减小的变化趋势，当浓度为1×10-3mo1/L时的SERS强度Z大。本论文为了解氨基酸在银溶胶中的SERS增强机制与规律提供，为更深入的进行氨基酸乃至生物大分子的SERS奠定了基础展开

翻译 (好会追加分): Internationalised Normal Ratio(INR) elevations and/or bleeding events have been reported in some patients taking warfarin(see Pharmacokinetic Properties' section). patients taking warfarin should be monitored regularly for changes in proth... Internationalised Normal Ratio(INR) elevations and/or bleeding events have been reported in some patients taking warfarin(see Pharmacokinetic Properties' section). patients taking warfarin should be monitored regularly for changes in prothrombin time or INR. patients shouldbe advised to seek medical advice promptly in the event of developing any eye symptoms or severe or persistent diarrhoea ， nausea vomiting or anorexia(see Pharmacokinetic Properties' section). These symptoms should be managed as clinically indicated. Randomised controlled trials have demonstrated that Iressa combined with doublet ， platinum-based cytotoxic chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC provides no added benefit over ther cytototxic in patientswho have previously received treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy. In a phase I/II trial of IRESSA and radiation in paediatric patients， newly diagnosed with brain stem glioma or incompletely resected supratentorialmalignant glioma， 4 cases(1fatal) of CNS haemorrhages have been reported from trialwith IRESSA alone. There is no evidence to suggest any increased risk of cerebral haemorrhage in adult patients with NSCLC receiving IRESSA. Phase IIclinical trial data， where IRESSA and vinorelbine have been used concomitantly， indicate that Iressa may exacebate the neutropenic effctof vinorbine. Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction In vitro studies with human hepatic microsomes have shown that the metabolism of gefitinib is predomiantly via the CYP3A4 isoform of the hepatic cytochromeP-450 system. Gefitinib may be sxpected to interact with otehr drgs that induce， inhibit or are metabolised by this system. Gefitinib showed littl enzyme induction effect in animal studies and in vitro sutdies have shown that gefitinib has limited potentialto inhibit CYP2D6. The clinically or potentially significantclinical drug interactions between gefitinib and the following drugs/ durg classes are described below. Other Drugs that effect gefitinib Demonstrated interactions Drugs that inhaibit CYP3A4 co-administraion with itraconazole(a CYP3A4)resuulted in an 80% increase in the mean AUC of gefitinibin healthy volunteers. This increase may bbe clinically relevant since adverse experiences are related to dose and exposure. Although interaction studies with other CYP3A4 inhibitors have not been performed it is expected that drugs such as ketoconaxole， clotrimazole， ritonovir would also inhibit gefitinib metabolism. Drugs that Increase gastric pH In a trial in healthy volunteers co-adminstrationof drugs that cause significant sustined elevations in gastric pH>=5， resulted in a reduced mean gefitinib AUC by 47%. This may reduce efficacy Rifampicin Co-administration with rifa mpicin(a known potent CYP3A4 inducer) in healthy volunteers reduced meangefitinib AUC by 83% of that without rifampicin. Theoretical interactions 展开

高分求高手翻译，不要机械翻译: Bimetallic dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles(DENs)are important materials，because they have demonstrated improvement in performance compared to the monometallic DENs in many systems when they are used as catalysts.This tutorial review fo... Bimetallic dendrimer-encapsulated nanoparticles(DENs)are important materials，because they have demonstrated improvement in performance compared to the monometallic DENs in many systems when they are used as catalysts.This tutorial review focuses on the recent research advances in bimetallic DENs with respect to their synthesis，characterization，and applications as catalysts.Bimetallic DENs can be made mainly via three routes:co-complexation，sequential loading，and partial displacement.The research in bimetallic DENs has been significantly promoted by the advancement of characterization instruments.The performances of bimetallic DENs as homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts in organic synthesis have been compared with both monometallic DENs and their physical mixtures.It is concluded that the synergistic electronic effect in bimetallic nanoparticles enhances their catalytic activities. 能翻译多少都可以的展开

急求英译汉高手（词霸翻译不加分）翻译好了追加50: http://hi.baidu.com/lyl464797826/blog/item/0c12e646eca6ee3287947334.html

麻烦大家帮忙翻译一下(有追加分)。: IRIS:ImprovedRespocessingofIRASSurvey(Infrared)2MASS:TwoMicronAllSkySurvey(Synthetic)HydrogenAlphaFullSkyMapTycho(Synthetic，Optical)USNOB:USNavalObservatoryB1.0(Synthetic... IRIS:Improved Respocessing of IRAS Survey(Infrared) 2MASS:Two Micron All Sky Survey(Synthetic) Hydrogen Alpha Full Sky Map Tycho(Synthetic，Optical) USNOB:US Naval Observatory B 1.0(Synthetic) Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer RASS:ROSAT All Sky Survey(X-Ray) VLA FIRST:Faint Image of the Radio Sky at Twenty-centimeters NVSS:NRAD VLA Sky Survey(Radio) SUMASS:Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey(Radio) Westerbook Northern Sky Surey(Radio) Bonn 1420 MHz Survey (Radio) Hi All-Sky Continum Survey (Radio) WMAP QVW/K/Ka/Q/V/W Band (Microwave) SFD 100 Microns(Infrared) COBE DIRBE (Infrared) COBE DIRBE Annual Average Map(Infrared) COBE DIRBE Zodi Subtracted Mission Average EUVE 83:Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer 83 Angstroms EUVE 405/555 ROAST Hard Band Count Map(X-Ray) ROAST Soft Band Count Map(X-Ray) ROAST Broad Band Count Map(X-Ray) ROAST Hard/Soft Band Intensity(X-Ray) ROAST PSPC Summed Pointed Observations，2 Swift BAT All-Sky Survey:Significance 14-195 Kev(X-Ray) Swift BAT All-Sky Survey:Flux 14-195 Kev (X-Ray) GRANAT/SIGMA Significance/Flux(X-Ray) CGRO Compton Telescope:2 channel date(Gamma) EGRET Soft/Hard (Gamma) Black Sky Background 不要用翻译软件 euve是极紫外线探测器。展开

化学专业英语翻译不要翻译工具: D，L252单取代海因是工业生产D2氨基酸的重要前体[1～3]。海因酶具有底物特异性，D2海因酶(EC3151212)可转化外消旋的D，L252单取代海因中的D型消旋体成为D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸，剩余的L252单取... D ，L252单取代海因是工业生产 D2氨基酸的重要前体[1～3 ]。海因酶具有底物特异性，D2海因酶(EC 3151212)可转化外消旋的D ，L252单取代海因中的D型消旋体成为D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸，剩余的L252单取代海因由于完全不被 D2海因酶所作用，如图 1所示，先进行消旋，从而使得 D ，L2海因完全转化为光学纯的 D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸，并进一步被转化为D2氨基酸。因此，52单取代海因的自发消旋成为L2或D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸生产中的一个重要的步骤。若海因的自发消旋速率远低于海因水解酶的水解速率，则海因的消旋将成为D2N2氨甲酰氨基酸生产中的一个限速步骤。目前关于 52单取代海因的消旋的文献非常少，海因消旋的细节问题也没有被完全揭示。 1 材料与方法 111 实验材料 L2丙氨酸(国家生化工程ZX) 、 L2苯丙氨酸(国家生化工程ZX) 、氰酸钠(江都化工厂) ，其他试剂为国产分析纯试剂。 112 实验方法 11211 52取代海因衍生物的制备采用Henze2Speer法[4～5 ]进行52取代海因衍生物的制备: 反应温度为60～80 ℃。反应6 h后，加入盐酸酸化，继续加热 8 h ，冷却后过滤得到的固体用酒精和水的混合溶液重结晶，得到无色晶状目的产物。因使用的氨基酸不同，反应条件略有变化，产率一般为40 %～80 % ，所得的52取代海因具有和底物氨基酸相同的旋光方向。 11212 海因衍生物的消旋 a.精确称量41000 g L252甲基海因，溶解于蒸馏水中，定容至250 mL ，测定其旋光度，并以此值为未消旋化的起始数据。 b.用 6 mol/ L 的 NaOH溶液调整海因溶液 pH值达810 ，90 ℃水浴2 h ，于旋光仪上测定其旋光度。 c.同 b ，依次调节溶液pH值为710、 810、 910 ，分别测定其旋光度。 d.同 b ，依次于50 ℃水浴中及室温下恒温2 h ，分别测定其旋光度，并与起始数据对比，计算消旋比 r ( %) :r =αt/α0 ，其中αt 为 t 时间溶液的旋光度，α0为溶液初始旋光度。 11213 海因的碱解精确称量41000 g L252甲基海因，溶解于蒸馏水中，定容至 250 mL ，用 NaOH溶液和盐酸分别调至pH = 2、 8、 12 ， 90 ℃水浴反应4 h ，中间取样测定其N2氨甲酰丙氨酸浓度。 11214 海因的转化采用012 %的海因溶液，按 w (底物)∶ w (菌泥)= 1∶ 5的比例，于pH 915 ，温度40 ℃下进行转化。取样:取样10 mL ，加入 5 mL 三停止反应，摇匀，放冰箱待测。 3 结论 311 海因的消旋遵循本文所提出的碳负离子理论，其消旋过程为一级反应动力学过程。由海因消旋的半衰期可看出提高温度和pH对海因的消旋均有利，但pH过高的情况下海因则会发生碱解反应从而造成损失。 312 本文采用的海因转化酶系中所含为 D2海因酶，对D2海因的转化活性非常高，由此可见，如若采用的转化体系中没有消旋酶的存在，则海因的消旋成为海因酶转化生产光学活性氨基酸的一个限速步骤。展开

统计学中，granularity怎么翻译:

软件翻译和人工翻译哪个好:

求中翻英达人（不要用翻译软件）: 采用猪支原体肺炎检测试剂盒诊断，将病猪分成三个组，diyi组用中药灯牛注射液ZL，平均疗程3天，治愈率达90%。第二组用丁胺卡那霉素ZL，平均疗程5天，治愈率只有70%。第三组不用任... 采用猪支原体肺炎检测试剂盒诊断，将病猪分成三个组，diyi组用中药灯牛注射液ZL，平均疗程3天，治愈率达90%。第二组用丁胺卡那霉素ZL，平均疗程5天，治愈率只有70%。第三组不用任何药物。结果表明，中药灯牛注射液ZL猪支原体肺炎的LX高于丁胺卡那霉素。展开

Counter-strike win是什么意思？不要网上翻译的:

请高手帮忙翻译化学名词，急需~~~~: 以下的技术指标用语都是关于PVC颗粒的，请知道的帮忙准确地翻译~~~谢谢VICATPOINTHARDNESSTENSILESTRENGTHYIELDPOINTELONGATIONATBREAKFLEXURALMODULUSIMPACTSTRENGTHINFLAMMABILITYA... 以下的技术指标用语都是关于PVC颗粒的，请知道的帮忙准确地翻译~~~谢谢 VICAT POINT HARDNESS TENSILE STRENGTH YIELD POINT ELONGATION AT BREAK FLEXURAL MODULUS IMPACT STRENGTH INFLAMMABILITY AV.A.P. IMPURITY PARTICLE NUMBER VOLATILES（INCL WATER） BULK DENSITY SIEVE RATIO “FISH EYE”NUMBER UNIT/400c㎡ RESIDUAL VCM PPM 展开

帮我翻译这段话，急需。有关石碱: 石碱，出山东济宁诸处。彼人采蒿蓼之属，开窖浸水，漉起，晒干烧灰，以原水淋汁，每百引入粉面二、三斤，久则凝淀如石，连汁货之四方，浣衣发面，甚获利也。他处以灶灰淋浓汁，亦去垢发面。

拜求翻译摘要370字不要在线翻译的 Z好的可追加100: 工业的生产带来经济效益的同时也往往给我们带来了许多的污染，工业废水臭气则体现的尤为严重。在此我们对工业废水废气的处理做以简单的介绍，并ZD探讨了生物过滤技术在医药厂臭气处... 工业的生产带来经济效益的同时也往往给我们带来了许多的污染，工业废水臭气则体现的尤为严重。在此我们对工业废水废气的处理做以简单的介绍，并ZD探讨了生物过滤技术在医药厂臭气处理的应用。生物膜过滤在日常生产中技术日益成熟，以其处理效果的优越性、经济性、安全性，得到了广泛的应用。文中概述了实际应用中生物膜过滤法的结构组成，工作原理。分析了臭气的主要物理主要化学成分，将其在膜过滤中发生的物理及化学的变化进行了探讨。同时生物膜过滤处理臭气时受到了湿度、PH、温度、营养成分、设计负荷、臭气停留时间等多方面影响，通过实际调查研究，简单的论述，希望能能给大家分析研究提供帮助。生物膜过滤技术的现阶段存在的局限性，及其发展的趋势是我们能否定向研究更有效，更能适宜工业发展需要设备，工艺的要求。我们认识到污水臭气的相关的规定也更严格，更规范。为此我们要迎合社会发展取得更好的进步。别在线翻译，拜托语法错误我还是看的出来的请高手献身展开

DNA翻译产生水不？:

求翻译，与生物有关，不要机翻: AfterdissectioneachsamplewasplacedinamicrotubefilledwithNaClsolution(0.9%w/v)andwascarefullycrushedmechanicallyandasuspensionwaspreparedusingavibrationshaker.HPLC-diodear... After dissection each sample was placed in a microtube filled with NaCl solution (0.9% w/v) and was carefully crushed mechanically and a suspension was prepared using a vibration shaker. HPLC-diode array laminar flow cabinet. 展开

求日文翻译，不要翻译器，迅速给分C1

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